Ubiquitin-Like-Conjugating Enzyme Atg3 (ATG3) Reagents

Ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG3

E2 conjugating enzyme required for the cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt), autophagy, and mitochondrial homeostasis. Responsible for the E2-like covalent binding of phosphatidylethanolamine to the C-terminal Gly of ATG8-like proteins (GABARAP, GABARAPL1, GABARAPL2 or MAP1LC3A). The ATG12-ATG5 conjugate plays a role of an E3 and promotes the transfer of ATG8-like proteins from ATG3 to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). This step is required for the membrane association of ATG8-like proteins. The formation of the ATG8-phosphatidylethanolamine conjugates is essential for autophagy and for the cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt). Preferred substrate is MAP1LC3A. Also acts as an autocatalytic E2-like enzyme, catalyzing the conjugation of ATG12 to itself, ATG12 conjugation to ATG3 playing a role in mitochondrial homeostasis but not in autophagy. ATG7 (E1-like enzyme) facilitates this reaction by forming an E1-E2 complex with ATG3. Promotes primary ciliogenesis by removing OFD1 from centriolar satellites via the autophagic pathway.

Cytoplasm.

ATG3 family

Widely expressed, with a highest expression in heart, skeletal muscle, kidney, liver and placenta.

Apoptosis

2610016C12Rik; Apg 3; APG3; APG3 autophagy 3 like; APG3 like; APG3, S. cerevisiae, homolog of; APG3-like; APG3L; Apg3p; ATG 3; ATG3; ATG3 autophagy related 3 homolog; ATG3 autophagy related 3 homolog (S. cerevisiae); ATG3_HUMAN; Autophagy 3, S. cerevisiae, homolog of; Autophagy Apg3p/Aut1p like; autophagy related 3; Autophagy related protein 3; Autophagy-related protein 3; DKFZp564M1178; FLJ22125; hApg3; MGC15201; OTTHUMP00000214547; OTTHUMP00000214548; PC3 96; Protein PC3-96; Ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG3

This gene encodes a ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme and is a component of ubiquitination-like systems involved in autophagy, the process of degradation, turnover and recycling of cytoplasmic constituents in eukaryotic cells. This protein is known to play a role in regulation of autophagy during cell death. A pseudogene of this gene is located on chromosome 20. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.