Interferon-Induced Helicase C Domain-Containing Protein 1 (IFIH1) Reagents

Interferon-induced helicase C domain-containing protein 1

Innate immune receptor which acts as a cytoplasmic sensor of viral nucleic acids and plays a major role in sensing viral infection and in the activation of a cascade of antiviral responses including the induction of type I interferons and proinflammatory cytokines. Its ligands include mRNA lacking 2'-O-methylation at their 5' cap and long-dsRNA (>1 kb in length). Upon ligand binding it associates with mitochondria antiviral signaling protein (MAVS/IPS1) which activates the IKK-related kinases: TBK1 and IKBKE which phosphorylate interferon regulatory factors: IRF3 and IRF7 which in turn activate transcription of antiviral immunological genes, including interferons (IFNs); IFN-alpha and IFN-beta. Responsible for detecting the Picornaviridae family members such as encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) and mengo encephalomyocarditis virus (ENMG). Detects coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Can also detect other viruses such as dengue virus (DENV), west Nile virus (WNV), and reovirus. Also involved in antiviral signaling in response to viruses containing a dsDNA genome, such as vaccinia virus. Plays an important role in amplifying innate immune signaling through recognition of RNA metabolites that are produced during virus infection by ribonuclease L (RNase L). May play an important role in enhancing natural killer cell function and may be involved in growth inhibition and apoptosis in several tumor cell lines.

Diabetes mellitus, insulin-dependent, 19 (IDDM19); Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome 7 (AGS7); Singleton-Merten syndrome 1 (SGMRT1)

Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Mitochondrion. Note=Upon viral RNA stimulation and ISGylation, translocates from cytosol to mitochondrion. May be found in the nucleus, during apoptosis.

Helicase family, RLR subfamily

Widely expressed, at a low level. Expression is detected at slightly highest levels in placenta, pancreas and spleen and at barely levels in detectable brain, testis and lung.

Immunology, Epigenetics and Nuclear Signaling

CADM-140 autoantigen; Clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis autoantigen 140 kDa; DEAD/H (Asp Glu Ala Asp/His) box polypeptide; DEAD/H box polypeptide; Helicard; Helicase with 2 CARD domains; Hlcd; IDDM 19; IDDM19; IFIH 1; Ifih1; IFIH1_HUMAN; Interferon induced helicase C domain containing protein 1; interferon induced with helicase C domain 1; Interferon induced with helicase C domain protein 1; Interferon-induced helicase C domain-containing protein 1; Interferon-induced with helicase C domain protein 1; MDA 5; MDA-5; Melanoma differentiation associated protein 5; Melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5; Melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5; MGC133047; Murabutide down regulated protein ; Murabutide down-regulated protein; RH 116; RH116; RIG I like receptor 2; RLR 2; RNA helicase DEAD box protein 116; RNA helicase-DEAD box protein 116

DEAD box proteins, characterized by the conserved motif Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp (DEAD), are putative RNA helicases. They are implicated in a number of cellular processes involving alteration of RNA secondary structure such as translation initiation, nuclear and mitochondrial splicing, and ribosome and spliceosome assembly. Based on their distribution patterns, some members of this family are believed to be involved in embryogenesis, spermatogenesis, and cellular growth and division. This gene encodes a DEAD box protein that is upregulated in response to treatment with beta-interferon and a protein kinase C-activating compound, mezerein. Irreversible reprogramming of melanomas can be achieved by treatment with both these agents; treatment with either agent alone only achieves reversible differentiation. Genetic variation in this gene is associated with diabetes mellitus insulin-dependent type 19.