Recombinant Human 28S ribosomal protein S31, mitochondrial (MRPS31)

Uniprot Id

Q92665

Target Species

Human

Target Name

MRPS31

Target Full Name

Small ribosomal subunit protein mS31

Target Subcellular Location

Mitochondrion.

Target Protein Families

Mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mS31 family

Target Synonyms

28S ribosomal protein S31; 28S ribosomal protein S31; mitochondrial; Imogen 38; IMOGN38; mitochondrial; MRP-S31; MRPS31; RT31_HUMAN; S31mt

Target Background

Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and help in protein synthesis within the mitochondrion. Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) consist of a small 28S subunit and a large 39S subunit. They have an estimated 75% protein to rRNA composition compared to prokaryotic ribosomes, where this ratio is reversed. Another difference between mammalian mitoribosomes and prokaryotic ribosomes is that the latter contain a 5S rRNA. Among different species, the proteins comprising the mitoribosome differ greatly in sequence, and sometimes in biochemical properties, which prevents easy recognition by sequence homology. The 28S subunit of the mammalian mitoribosome may play a crucial and characteristic role in translation initiation. This gene encodes a 28S subunit protein that has also been associated with type 1 diabetes; however, its relationship to the etiology of this disease remains to be clarified. Pseudogenes corresponding to this gene have been found on chromosomes 3 and 13.