Recombinant Human Thrombopoietin receptor (MPL), Truncated

Uniprot Id

P40238

Target Species

Human

Target Name

MPL

Target Full Name

Thrombopoietin receptor

Target Function

Receptor for thrombopoietin that acts as a primary regulator of megakaryopoiesis and platelet production. May represent a regulatory molecule specific for TPO-R-dependent immune responses.

Target Involvement

Congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia (CAMT); Thrombocythemia 2 (THCYT2); Myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia (MMM)

Target Subcellular Location

Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Golgi apparatus. Cell surface.

Target Protein Families

Type I cytokine receptor family, Type 1 subfamily

Target Tissue Specificity

Expressed at a low level in a large number of cells of hematopoietic origin. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are always found to be coexpressed.

Target Research Area

Immunology

Target Synonyms

C MPL; CD110; mpl; MPLV; Myeloproliferative leukemia protein; Myeloproliferative leukemia virus oncogene; Proto-oncogene c-Mpl; THCYT2; Thrombopoietin receptor; TPO R; TPO-R; TPOR; TPOR_HUMAN

Target Background

In 1990 an oncogene, v-mpl, was identified from the murine myeloproliferative leukemia virus that was capable of immortalizing bone marrow hematopoietic cells from different lineages. In 1992 the human homologue, named, c-mpl, was cloned. Sequence data revealed that c-mpl encoded a protein that was homologous with members of the hematopoietic receptor superfamily. Presence of anti-sense oligodeoxynucleotides of c-mpl inhibited megakaryocyte colony formation. The ligand for c-mpl, thrombopoietin, was cloned in 1994. Thrombopoietin was shown to be the major regulator of megakaryocytopoiesis and platelet formation. The protein encoded by the c-mpl gene, CD110, is a 635 amino acid transmembrane domain, with two extracellular cytokine receptor domains and two intracellular cytokine receptor box motifs . TPO-R deficient mice were severely thrombocytopenic, emphasizing the important role of CD110 and thrombopoietin in megakaryocyte and platelet formation. Upon binding of thrombopoietin CD110 is dimerized and the JAK family of non-receptor tyrosine kinases, as well as the STAT family, the MAPK family, the adaptor protein Shc and the receptors themselves become tyrosine phosphorylated.