Recombinant Human Liver carboxylesterase 1 (CES1)

Uniprot Id

P23141

Target Species

Human

Target Name

CES1

Target Full Name

Liver carboxylesterase 1

Target Function

Involved in the detoxification of xenobiotics and in the activation of ester and amide prodrugs. Hydrolyzes aromatic and aliphatic esters, but has no catalytic activity toward amides or a fatty acyl-CoA ester. Hydrolyzes the methyl ester group of cocaine to form benzoylecgonine. Catalyzes the transesterification of cocaine to form cocaethylene. Displays fatty acid ethyl ester synthase activity, catalyzing the ethyl esterification of oleic acid to ethyloleate. Converts monoacylglycerides to free fatty acids and glycerol. Hydrolyzes of 2-arachidonoylglycerol and prostaglandins. Hydrolyzes cellular cholesteryl esters to free cholesterols and promotes reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) by facilitating both the initial and final steps in the process. First of all, allows free cholesterol efflux from macrophages to extracellular cholesterol acceptors and secondly, releases free cholesterol from lipoprotein-delivered cholesteryl esters in the liver for bile acid synthesis or direct secretion into the bile.

Target Subcellular Location

Endoplasmic reticulum lumen. Cytoplasm. Lipid droplet.

Target Protein Families

Type-B carboxylesterase/lipase family

Target Tissue Specificity

Expressed predominantly in liver with lower levels in heart and lung. Expressed in macrophages.

Target Research Area

Cardiovascular

Target Synonyms

ACAT; Acyl coenzyme A cholesterol acyltransferase; Acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase; Brain carboxylesterase hBr1; Carboxyesterase ES-3; Carboxylesterase ; Carboxylesterase 1 (monocyte/macrophage serine esterase 1); Carboxylesterase 1; Carboxylesterase 1 deficiency, included; Carboxylesterase 2, formerly; CE 1; CEH; Ces-1; CES1; CES2; CESDD1; Cholesterol ester hydrolase, neutral, macrophage-derived; Cholesteryl ester hydrolase; Cocaine carboxylesterase; EC 3.1.1.1; Egasyn; ES-HTEL; ES-x; Es22; EST1_HUMAN; Esterase 22; Esterase; hCE 1; HMSE; HMSE1; Liver carboxylesterase 1; Liver carboxylesterase 3; Methylumbelliferyl acetate deacetylase 1; MGC117365; MGC156521; Monocyte carboxylesterase deficiency, included; Monocyte esterase deficiency, included; Monocyte/macrophage serine esterase; PCE-1; pI 5.5 esterase; Proline-beta-naphthylamidase; REH; Retinyl ester hydrolase; Serine esterase 1; Ses-1; SES1; TGH; Triacylglycerol hydrolase

Target Background

This gene encodes a member of the carboxylesterase large family. The family members are responsible for the hydrolysis or transesterification of various xenobiotics, such as cocaine and heroin, and endogenous substrates with ester, thioester, or amide bonds. They may participate in fatty acyl and cholesterol ester metabolism, and may play a role in the blood-brain barrier system. This enzyme is the major liver enzyme and functions in liver drug clearance. Mutations of this gene cause carboxylesterase 1 deficiency. Three transcript variants encoding three different isoforms have been found for this gene.