Rabbit anti-Human Rac1/2/3 Polyclonal Antibody

Uniprot Id

P63000

Target Species

Human

Target Name

RAC1

Target Full Name

Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1

Target Function

Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound states. In its active state, binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses such as secretory processes, phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, epithelial cell polarization, neurons adhesion, migration and differentiation, and growth-factor induced formation of membrane ruffles. Rac1 p21/rho GDI heterodimer is the active component of the cytosolic factor sigma 1, which is involved in stimulation of the NADPH oxidase activity in macrophages. Essential for the SPATA13-mediated regulation of cell migration and adhesion assembly and disassembly. Stimulates PKN2 kinase activity. In concert with RAB7A, plays a role in regulating the formation of RBs (ruffled borders) in osteoclasts. In podocytes, promotes nuclear shuttling of NR3C2; this modulation is required for a proper kidney functioning. Required for atypical chemokine receptor ACKR2-induced LIMK1-PAK1-dependent phosphorylation of cofilin (CFL1) and for up-regulation of ACKR2 from endosomal compartment to cell membrane, increasing its efficiency in chemokine uptake and degradation. In neurons, is involved in dendritic spine formation and synaptic plasticity. In hippocampal neurons, involved in spine morphogenesis and synapse formation, through local activation at synapses by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), such as ARHGEF6/ARHGEF7/PIX. In synapses, seems to mediate the regulation of F-actin cluster formation performed by SHANK3. In neurons, plays a crucial role in regulating GABA(A) receptor synaptic stability and hence GABAergic inhibitory synaptic transmission through its role in PAK1 activation and eventually F-actin stabilization.; Isoform B has an accelerated GEF-independent GDP/GTP exchange and an impaired GTP hydrolysis, which is restored partially by GTPase-activating proteins. It is able to bind to the GTPase-binding domain of PAK but not full-length PAK in a GTP-dependent manner, suggesting that the insertion does not completely abolish effector interaction.

Target Subcellular Location

Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor; Cytoplasmic side. Melanosome. Cytoplasm. Cell projection, lamellipodium. Cell projection, dendrite. Cell junction, synapse.

Target Protein Families

Small GTPase superfamily, Rho family

Target Tissue Specificity

Isoform B is predominantly identified in skin and epithelial tissues from the intestinal tract. Its expression is elevated in colorectal tumors at various stages of neoplastic progression, as compared to their respective adjacent tissues.

Target Research Area

Cancer

Target Synonyms

Cell migration inducing gene 5 protein; Cell migration-inducing gene 5 protein; MGC111543; MIG5; Migration inducing gene 5; Migration inducing protein 5; p21 Rac1 ; p21-Rac1; Rac 1; RAC1; RAC1_HUMAN; Ras like protein TC25; Ras related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (rho family; small GTP binding protein Rac1); Ras-like protein TC25; Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1; Rho family small GTP binding protein Rac1; TC 25; TC25

Target Background

The protein encoded by this gene is a GTPase which belongs to the RAS superfamily of small GTP-binding proteins. Members of this superfamily appear to regulate a diverse array of cellular events, including the control of cell growth, cytoskeletal reorganization, and the activation of protein kinases. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.