Recombinant Human CD5 antigen-like (CD5L)

Uniprot Id

O43866

Target Species

Human

Target Name

CD5L

Target Full Name

CD5 antigen-like

Target Function

Secreted protein that acts as a key regulator of lipid synthesis: mainly expressed by macrophages in lymphoid and inflamed tissues and regulates mechanisms in inflammatory responses, such as infection or atherosclerosis. Able to inhibit lipid droplet size in adipocytes. Following incorporation into mature adipocytes via CD36-mediated endocytosis, associates with cytosolic FASN, inhibiting fatty acid synthase activity and leading to lipolysis, the degradation of triacylglycerols into glycerol and free fatty acids (FFA). CD5L-induced lipolysis occurs with progression of obesity: participates in obesity-associated inflammation following recruitment of inflammatory macrophages into adipose tissues, a cause of insulin resistance and obesity-related metabolic disease. Regulation of intracellular lipids mediated by CD5L has a direct effect on transcription regulation mediated by nuclear receptors ROR-gamma (RORC). Acts as a key regulator of metabolic switch in T-helper Th17 cells. Regulates the expression of pro-inflammatory genes in Th17 cells by altering the lipid content and limiting synthesis of cholesterol ligand of RORC, the master transcription factor of Th17-cell differentiation. CD5L is mainly present in non-pathogenic Th17 cells, where it decreases the content of polyunsaturated fatty acyls (PUFA), affecting two metabolic proteins MSMO1 and CYP51A1, which synthesize ligands of RORC, limiting RORC activity and expression of pro-inflammatory genes. Participates in obesity-associated autoimmunity via its association with IgM, interfering with the binding of IgM to Fcalpha/mu receptor and enhancing the development of long-lived plasma cells that produce high-affinity IgG autoantibodies. Also acts as an inhibitor of apoptosis in macrophages: promotes macrophage survival from the apoptotic effects of oxidized lipids in case of atherosclerosis. Involved in early response to microbial infection against various pathogens by acting as a pattern recognition receptor and by promoting autophagy.

Target Subcellular Location

Secreted. Cytoplasm.

Target Tissue Specificity

Expressed in spleen, lymph node, thymus, bone marrow, and fetal liver, but not in non-lymphoid tissues.

Target Synonyms

AAC-11; AIM; API6; APOPTOSIS INHIBITOR 6; APOPTOSIS INHIBITOR OF MACROPHAGES; CD5 antigen like (scavenger receptor cysteine rich family); CD5 antigen-like; Cd5l; CD5L_HUMAN; CT 2; CT-2; Highly similar to ANTIGEN WC1.1 [Bos taurus]; IgM associated peptide; IgM-associated peptide; Pdp; PRO229; SCAVENGER RECEPTOR CYSTEINE-RICH FAMILY; SP ALPHA; SP-alpha; Spalpha

Target Background

Predicted to enable serine-type endopeptidase activity. Predicted to be involved in zymogen activation. Predicted to act upstream of or within positive regulation of complement-dependent cytotoxicity and regulation of complement activation. Located in cell surface.