Recombinant Human Lysine–tRNA ligase (KARS)

Uniprot Id

Q15046

Target Species

Human

Target Name

KARS1

Target Full Name

Lysine--tRNA ligase

Target Function

Catalyzes the specific attachment of an amino acid to its cognate tRNA in a 2 step reaction: the amino acid (AA) is first activated by ATP to form AA-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of the tRNA. When secreted, acts as a signaling molecule that induces immune response through the activation of monocyte/macrophages. Catalyzes the synthesis of the signaling molecule diadenosine tetraphosphate (Ap4A), and thereby mediates disruption of the complex between HINT1 and MITF and the concomitant activation of MITF transcriptional activity.; (Microbial infection) Interacts with HIV-1 virus GAG protein, facilitating the selective packaging of tRNA(3)(Lys), the primer for reverse transcription initiation.

Target Involvement

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, recessive, intermediate type, B (CMTRIB); Deafness, autosomal recessive, 89 (DFNB89)

Target Subcellular Location

[Isoform Cytoplasmic]: Cytoplasm, cytosol. Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Secreted.; [Isoform Mitochondrial]: Mitochondrion.

Target Protein Families

Class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family

Target Synonyms

CMTRIB; DFNB89; EC 6.1.1.6; KARS 1; KARS 2; KARS; KARS1; KARS2; KIAA0070; KRS; Lysine tRNA ligase; Lysine--tRNA ligase; LysRS; Lysyl tRNA synthetase; Lysyl-tRNA synthetase; SYK_HUMAN

Target Background

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are a class of enzymes that charge tRNAs with their cognate amino acids. Lysyl-tRNA synthetase is a homodimer localized to the cytoplasm which belongs to the class II family of tRNA synthetases. It has been shown to be a target of autoantibodies in the human autoimmune diseases, polymyositis or dermatomyositis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.