Recombinant Human Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (CH25H), Truncated

Uniprot Id

O95992

Target Species

Human

Target Name

CH25H

Target Full Name

Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase

Target Function

Catalyzes the formation of 25-hydroxycholesterol from cholesterol, leading to repress cholesterol biosynthetic enzymes. Plays a key role in cell positioning and movement in lymphoid tissues: 25-hydroxycholesterol is an intermediate in biosynthesis of 7-alpha,25-dihydroxycholesterol (7-alpha,25-OHC), an oxysterol that acts as a ligand for the G protein-coupled receptor GPR183/EBI2, a chemotactic receptor for a number of lymphoid cells. May play an important role in regulating lipid metabolism by synthesizing a corepressor that blocks sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP) processing. As an interferon-stimulated gene, has broad antiviral activities against a wide range of enveloped viruses, such as vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and SARS coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Its product, 25-hydroxycholesterol, activates the ER-localized enzyme ACAT to induce internalization of accessible cholesterol on the plasma membrane and restricts SARS-CoV-2 S protein-mediated fusion which inhibits virus replication. In testis, production of 25-hydroxycholesterol by macrophages plays a role in Leydig cell differentiation.

Target Subcellular Location

Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.

Target Protein Families

Sterol desaturase family

Target Synonyms

CH25H; Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase; Cholesterol 25-monooxygenase; h25OH

Target Background

Enables cholesterol 25-hydroxylase activity. Involved in B cell chemotaxis. Acts upstream of or within cholesterol metabolic process. Predicted to be located in endoplasmic reticulum. Predicted to be integral component of membrane. Predicted to be active in endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Is expressed in several structures, including genitourinary system; gut; hemolymphoid system gland; respiratory system; and skin. Orthologous to human CH25H (cholesterol 25-hydroxylase).