Recombinant Human DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3H (APOBEC3H)

Uniprot Id

Q6NTF7

Target Species

Human

Target Name

APOBEC3H

Target Full Name

DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3H

Target Function

DNA deaminase (cytidine deaminase) which acts as an inhibitor of retrovirus replication and retrotransposon mobility via deaminase-dependent and -independent mechanisms. The A3H-var/haplotype 2 exhibits antiviral activity against vif-deficient HIV-1. After the penetration of retroviral nucleocapsids into target cells of infection and the initiation of reverse transcription, it can induce the conversion of cytosine to uracil in the minus-sense single-strand viral DNA, leading to G-to-A hypermutations in the subsequent plus-strand viral DNA. The resultant detrimental levels of mutations in the proviral genome, along with a deamination-independent mechanism that works prior to the proviral integration, together exert efficient antiretroviral effects in infected target cells. Selectively targets single-stranded DNA and does not deaminate double-stranded DNA or single- or double-stranded RNA. Exhibits antiviral activity also against T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and may inhibit the mobility of LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons

Target Subcellular Location

Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Cytoplasm, P-body. Note=Haplotype 1 is distributed in both the nucleus and cytoplasm, whereas haplotype 2 is predominantly cytoplasmic.

Target Protein Families

Cytidine and deoxycytidylate deaminase family

Target Tissue Specificity

Expressed in lymphoid organs. Also detected in non-lymphoid tissues including lung, testis, ovary, fetal liver and skin.

Target Synonyms

APOBEC3HDNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3H; EC 3.5.4.38; APOBEC-related protein 10; ARP-10; Apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like 3H; A3H