Recombinant Human Histone H2A.x (H2AFX)

Uniprot Id

P16104

Target Species

Human

Target Name

H2AX

Target Full Name

Histone H2AX

Target Function

Variant histone H2A which replaces conventional H2A in a subset of nucleosomes. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. Required for checkpoint-mediated arrest of cell cycle progression in response to low doses of ionizing radiation and for efficient repair of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) specifically when modified by C-terminal phosphorylation.

Target Subcellular Location

Nucleus. Chromosome.

Target Protein Families

Histone H2A family

Target Research Area

Epigenetics and Nuclear Signaling

Target Synonyms

H2A histone family member X ; H2A histone family member X; H2A.FX; H2A.X; H2a/x; H2AFX; H2AX; H2AX_HUMAN; Histone H2A.X

Target Background

Histones are basic nuclear proteins that are responsible for the nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. Two molecules of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4) form an octamer, around which approximately 146 bp of DNA is wrapped in repeating units, called nucleosomes. The linker histone, H1, interacts with linker DNA between nucleosomes and functions in the compaction of chromatin into higher order structures. This gene encodes a replication-independent histone that is a member of the histone H2A family, and generates two transcripts through the use of the conserved stem-loop termination motif, and the polyA addition motif.