Recombinant Human Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C4 (AKR1C4)

Uniprot Id

P17516

Target Species

Human

Target Name

AKR1C4

Target Full Name

Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C4

Target Function

Cytosolic aldo-keto reductase that catalyzes the NADH and NADPH-dependent reduction of ketosteroids to hydroxysteroids. Liver specific enzyme that acts as NAD(P)(H)-dependent 3-, 17- and 20-ketosteroid reductase on the steroid nucleus and side chain. Displays the ability to catalyze both oxidation and reduction in vitro, but most probably acts as a reductase in vivo since the oxidase activity measured in vitro is inhibited by physiological concentration of NADPH. Acts preferentially as a 3-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD) with a subsidiary 3-beta-HSD activity. Catalyzes efficiently the transformation of the potent androgen 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone (5alpha-DHT or 17beta-hydroxy-5alpha-androstan-3-one) into the less active form, 5-alpha-androstan-3-alpha,17-beta-diol (3-alpha-diol). Catalyzes the reduction of estrone into 17beta-estradiol but with low efficiency. Metabolizes a broad spectrum of natural and synthetic therapeutic steroid and plays an important role in metabolism of androgens, estrogens, progestereone and conjugated steroids. Catalyzes the biotransformation of the pesticide chlordecone (kepone) to its corresponding alcohol leading to increased biliary excretion of the pesticide and concomitant reduction of its neurotoxicity since bile is the major excretory route.

Target Involvement

46,XY sex reversal 8 (SRXY8)

Target Subcellular Location

Cytoplasm, cytosol.

Target Protein Families

Aldo/keto reductase family

Target Tissue Specificity

Liver specific.

Target Research Area

Signal Transduction

Target Synonyms

3 alpha HSD1; 3-alpha-HSD1; 3-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type I; AK1C4_HUMAN; AKR1C4; Aldo keto reductase family 1 member C4; Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C4; CDR; Chlordecone reductase; DD-4; DD4; Dihydrodiol dehydrogenase 4; HAKRA; HSD3a

Target Background

This gene encodes a member of the aldo/keto reductase superfamily, which consists of more than 40 known enzymes and proteins. These enzymes catalyze the conversion of aldehydes and ketones to their corresponding alcohols by utilizing NADH and/or NADPH as cofactors. The enzymes display overlapping but distinct substrate specificity. This enzyme catalyzes the bioreduction of chlordecone, a toxic organochlorine pesticide, to chlordecone alcohol in liver. This gene shares high sequence identity with three other gene members and is clustered with those three genes at chromosome 10p15-p14.