Recombinant Human Arginase-1 (ARG1)

Uniprot Id

P05089

Target Species

Human

Target Name

ARG1

Target Full Name

Arginase-1

Target Function

Key element of the urea cycle converting L-arginine to urea and L-ornithine, which is further metabolized into metabolites proline and polyamides that drive collagen synthesis and bioenergetic pathways critical for cell proliferation, respectively; the urea cycle takes place primarily in the liver and, to a lesser extent, in the kidneys.; Functions in L-arginine homeostasis in nonhepatic tissues characterized by the competition between nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and arginase for the available intracellular substrate arginine. Arginine metabolism is a critical regulator of innate and adaptive immune responses. Involved in an antimicrobial effector pathway in polymorphonuclear granulocytes (PMN). Upon PMN cell death is liberated from the phagolysosome and depletes arginine in the microenvironment leading to suppressed T cell and natural killer (NK) cell proliferation and cytokine secretion. In group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) promotes acute type 2 inflammation in the lung and is involved in optimal ILC2 proliferation but not survival. In humans, the immunological role in the monocytic/macrophage/dendritic cell (DC) lineage is unsure.

Target Involvement

Argininemia (ARGIN)

Target Subcellular Location

Cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic granule.

Target Protein Families

Arginase family

Target Tissue Specificity

Within the immune system initially reported to be selectively expressed in granulocytes (polymorphonuclear leukocytes [PMNs]). Also detected in macrophages mycobacterial granulomas. Expressed in group2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) during lung disease.

Target Research Area

Signal Transduction

Target Synonyms

A I; Al; ARG 1; arg1; ARGI1_HUMAN; Arginase 1; Arginase liver; Arginase type I; Arginase; liver; Arginase-1; Arginase1; Liver type arginase; Liver-type arginase; Type I arginase

Target Background

Arginase catalyzes the hydrolysis of arginine to ornithine and urea. At least two isoforms of mammalian arginase exist (types I and II) which differ in their tissue distribution, subcellular localization, immunologic crossreactivity and physiologic function. The type I isoform encoded by this gene, is a cytosolic enzyme and expressed predominantly in the liver as a component of the urea cycle. Inherited deficiency of this enzyme results in argininemia, an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by hyperammonemia. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.