Recombinant Human Calcium homeostasis modulator protein 1 (CALHM1), Truncated

Uniprot Id

Q8IU99

Target Species

Human

Target Name

CALHM1

Target Full Name

Calcium homeostasis modulator protein 1

Target Function

Pore-forming subunit of a voltage-gated ion channel required for sensory perception of sweet, bitter and umami tastes. Specifically present in type II taste bud cells, where it plays a central role in sweet, bitter and umami taste perception by inducing ATP release from the cell, ATP acting as a neurotransmitter to activate afferent neural gustatory pathways. Together with CALHM3, forms a fast-activating voltage-gated ATP-release channel in type II taste bud cells (TBCs). Acts both as a voltage-gated and calcium-activated ion channel: mediates neuronal excitability in response to changes in extracellular Ca(2+) concentration. Has poor ion selectivity and forms a wide pore (around 14 Angstroms) that mediates permeation of Ca(2+), Na(+) and K(+), as well as permeation of monovalent anions. Acts as an activator of the ERK1 and ERK2 cascade. Triggers endoplasmic reticulum stress by reducing the calcium content of the endoplasmic reticulum. May indirectly control amyloid precursor protein (APP) proteolysis and aggregated amyloid-beta (Abeta) peptides levels in a Ca(2+) dependent manner.

Target Subcellular Location

Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Basolateral cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.

Target Protein Families

CALHM family

Target Tissue Specificity

Predominantly expressed in adult brain. Detected also in retinoic acid-differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. Specifically expressed in circumvallate taste bud cells.

Target Synonyms

CALHM1; FAM26C; Calcium homeostasis modulator protein 1; Protein FAM26C

Target Background

This gene encodes a calcium channel that plays a role in processing of amyloid-beta precursor protein. A polymorphism at this locus has been reported to be associated with susceptibility to late-onset Alzheimer's disease in some populations, but the pathogenicity of this polymorphism is unclear.