Rabbit anti-Human CD74 Polyclonal Antibody

Uniprot Id

P04233

Target Species

Human

Target Name

CD74

Target Full Name

HLA class II histocompatibility antigen gamma chain

Target Function

Plays a critical role in MHC class II antigen processing by stabilizing peptide-free class II alpha/beta heterodimers in a complex soon after their synthesis and directing transport of the complex from the endoplasmic reticulum to the endosomal/lysosomal system where the antigen processing and binding of antigenic peptides to MHC class II takes place. Serves as cell surface receptor for the cytokine MIF.; Binds to the peptide-binding site of MHC class II alpha/beta heterodimers forming an alpha-beta-CLIP complex, thereby preventing the loading of antigenic peptides to the MHC class II complex until its release by HLA-DM in the endosome.; Stabilizes the conformation of mature CTSL by binding to its active site and serving as a chaperone to help maintain a pool of mature enzyme in endocytic compartments and extracellular space of antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Has antiviral activity by stymieing the endosomal entry of Ebola virus and coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2. Disrupts cathepsin-mediated Ebola virus glycoprotein processing, which prevents viral fusion and entry. This antiviral activity is specific to p41 isoform.

Target Involvement

A chromosomal aberration involving CD74 is found in a non-small cell lung tumor. Results in the formation of a CD74-ROS1 chimeric protein.

Target Subcellular Location

Cell membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. Endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Golgi apparatus, trans-Golgi network. Endosome. Lysosome. Note=Transits through a number of intracellular compartments in the endocytic pathway. It can either undergo proteolysis or reach the cell membrane.; [Isoform p41]: Late endosome. Lysosome.

Target Tissue Specificity

[Isoform p41]: In B cells, represents 10% of total CD74 expression.; [Isoform p33]: In B cells, represents 70% of total CD74 expression.

Target Research Area

Immunology

Target Synonyms

CD74; DHLAG; HLA class II histocompatibility antigen gamma chain; HLA-DR antigens-associated invariant chain; Ia antigen-associated invariant chain; Ii; CD antigen CD74

Target Background

The protein encoded by this gene associates with class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and is an important chaperone that regulates antigen presentation for immune response. It also serves as cell surface receptor for the cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) which, when bound to the encoded protein, initiates survival pathways and cell proliferation. This protein also interacts with amyloid precursor protein (APP) and suppresses the production of amyloid beta (Abeta). Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified.