Rabbit anti-Human Glucocorticoid Receptor Polyclonal Antibody

Uniprot Id

P04150

Target Species

Human

Target Name

NR3C1

Target Full Name

Glucocorticoid receptor

Target Function

Receptor for glucocorticoids (GC). Has a dual mode of action: as a transcription factor that binds to glucocorticoid response elements (GRE), both for nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, and as a modulator of other transcription factors. Affects inflammatory responses, cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Involved in chromatin remodeling. Plays a role in rapid mRNA degradation by binding to the 5' UTR of target mRNAs and interacting with PNRC2 in a ligand-dependent manner which recruits the RNA helicase UPF1 and the mRNA-decapping enzyme DCP1A, leading to RNA decay. Could act as a coactivator for STAT5-dependent transcription upon growth hormone (GH) stimulation and could reveal an essential role of hepatic GR in the control of body growth.; Has transcriptional activation and repression activity. Mediates glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis. Promotes accurate chromosome segregation during mitosis. May act as a tumor suppressor. May play a negative role in adipogenesis through the regulation of lipolytic and antilipogenic gene expression.; Acts as a dominant negative inhibitor of isoform Alpha. Has intrinsic transcriptional activity independent of isoform Alpha when both isoforms are coexpressed. Loses this transcription modulator function on its own. Has no hormone-binding activity. May play a role in controlling glucose metabolism by maintaining insulin sensitivity. Reduces hepatic gluconeogenesis through down-regulation of PEPCK in an isoform Alpha-dependent manner. Directly regulates STAT1 expression in isoform Alpha-independent manner.; Has lower transcriptional activation activity than isoform Alpha. Exerts a dominant negative effect on isoform Alpha trans-repression mechanism.; Increases activity of isoform Alpha.; More effective than isoform Alpha in transcriptional activation, but not repression activity.; Has transcriptional activation activity.; Has transcriptional activation activity.; Has transcriptional activation activity.; Has highest transcriptional activation activity of all isoforms created by alternative initiation. Has transcriptional repression activity. Mediates glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis.; Has transcriptional activation activity.; Has transcriptional activation activity.; Has lowest transcriptional activation activity of all isoforms created by alternative initiation. Has transcriptional repression activity.

Target Involvement

Glucocorticoid resistance, generalized (GCCR)

Target Subcellular Location

[Isoform Alpha]: Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Mitochondrion. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, spindle. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome.; [Isoform Beta]: Nucleus. Cytoplasm.; [Isoform Alpha-B]: Nucleus. Cytoplasm.

Target Protein Families

Nuclear hormone receptor family, NR3 subfamily

Target Tissue Specificity

Widely expressed including bone, stomach, lung, liver, colon, breast, ovary, pancreas and kidney. In the heart, detected in left and right atria, left and right ventricles, aorta, apex, intraventricular septum, and atrioventricular node as well as whole a

Target Research Area

Epigenetics and Nuclear Signaling

Target Synonyms

GCCR; GCR; GCR_HUMAN; GCRST; glucocorticoid nuclear receptor variant 1; Glucocorticoid receptor; GR; GRL; Grl1; nr3c1; Nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1; nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1 (glucocorticoid receptor)

Target Background

This gene encodes glucocorticoid receptor, which can function both as a transcription factor that binds to glucocorticoid response elements in the promoters of glucocorticoid responsive genes to activate their transcription, and as a regulator of other transcription factors. This receptor is typically found in the cytoplasm, but upon ligand binding, is transported into the nucleus. It is involved in inflammatory responses, cellular proliferation, and differentiation in target tissues. Mutations in this gene are associated with generalized glucocorticoid resistance. Alternative splicing of this gene results in transcript variants encoding either the same or different isoforms. Additional isoforms resulting from the use of alternate in-frame translation initiation sites have also been described, and shown to be functional, displaying diverse cytoplasm-to-nucleus trafficking patterns and distinct transcriptional activities (PMID:15866175).