Dna Dc->Du-Editing Enzyme Apobec-3A (APOBEC3A) Reagents

DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3A

DNA deaminase (cytidine deaminase) with restriction activity against viruses, foreign DNA and mobility of retrotransposons. Exhibits antiviral activity against adeno-associated virus (AAV) and human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and may inhibit the mobility of LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons. Selectively targets single-stranded DNA and can deaminate both methylcytosine and cytosine in foreign DNA. Can induce somatic hypermutation in the nuclear and mitochondrial DNA. May also play a role in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression through the process of active DNA demethylation.

Nucleus. Cytoplasm.

Cytidine and deoxycytidylate deaminase family

Expressed in peripheral leukocytes with higher expression in CD14-positive phagocytic cells. Highly expressed in keratinocytes and in periphery blood monocytes. Also detected in non-lymphoid tissues including lung and adipose tissues. Found at high levels

Signal Transduction

A3A; ABC3A_HUMAN; APOBEC3A; Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme; Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme; catalytic polypeptide like 3A; ARP3; bK150C2.1; Catalytic polypeptide like 3A; Phorbolin 1; Phorbolin-1; PHRBN; Probable DNA dC >dU editing enzyme APOBEC-3A; Probable DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3A

This gene is a member of the cytidine deaminase gene family. It is one of seven related genes or pseudogenes found in a cluster, thought to result from gene duplication, on chromosome 22. Members of the cluster encode proteins that are structurally and functionally related to the C to U RNA-editing cytidine deaminase APOBEC1. The protein encoded by this gene lacks the zinc binding activity of other family members. The protein plays a role in immunity, by restricting transmission of foreign DNA such as viruses. One mechanism of foreign DNA restriction is deamination of foreign double-stranded DNA cytidines to uridines, which leads to DNA degradation. However, other mechanisms are also thought to be involved, as anti-viral effect is not dependent on deaminase activity. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.