Rabbit anti- COX2/PTGS2 Polyclonal Antibody

Uniprot Id

P35354

Target Species

Human

Target Name

PTGS2

Target Full Name

Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2

Target Function

Dual cyclooxygenase and peroxidase in the biosynthesis pathway of prostanoids, a class of C20 oxylipins mainly derived from arachidonate, with a particular role in the inflammatory response. The cyclooxygenase activity oxygenates arachidonate (AA, C20:4(n-6)) to the hydroperoxy endoperoxide prostaglandin G2 (PGG2), and the peroxidase activity reduces PGG2 to the hydroxy endoperoxide PGH2, the precursor of all 2-series prostaglandins and thromboxanes. This complex transformation is initiated by abstraction of hydrogen at carbon 13 (with S-stereochemistry), followed by insertion of molecular O2 to form the endoperoxide bridge between carbon 9 and 11 that defines prostaglandins. The insertion of a second molecule of O2 (bis-oxygenase activity) yields a hydroperoxy group in PGG2 that is then reduced to PGH2 by two electrons. Similarly catalyzes successive cyclooxygenation and peroxidation of dihomo-gamma-linoleate (DGLA, C20:3(n-6)) and eicosapentaenoate (EPA, C20:5(n-3)) to corresponding PGH1 and PGH3, the precursors of 1- and 3-series prostaglandins. In an alternative pathway of prostanoid biosynthesis, converts 2-arachidonoyl lysophopholipids to prostanoid lysophopholipids, which are then hydrolyzed by intracellular phospholipases to release free prostanoids. Metabolizes 2-arachidonoyl glycerol yielding the glyceryl ester of PGH2, a process that can contribute to pain response. Generates lipid mediators from n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) via a lipoxygenase-type mechanism. Oxygenates PUFAs to hydroperoxy compounds and then reduces them to corresponding alcohols. Plays a role in the generation of resolution phase interaction products (resolvins) during both sterile and infectious inflammation. Metabolizes docosahexaenoate (DHA, C22:6(n-3)) to 17R-HDHA, a precursor of the D-series resolvins (RvDs). As a component of the biosynthetic pathway of E-series resolvins (RvEs), converts eicosapentaenoate (EPA, C20:5(n-3)) primarily to 18S-HEPE that is further metabolized by ALOX5 and LTA4H to generate 18S-RvE1 and 18S-RvE2. In vascular endothelial cells, converts docosapentaenoate (DPA, C22:5(n-3)) to 13R-HDPA, a precursor for 13-series resolvins (RvTs) shown to activate macrophage phagocytosis during bacterial infection. In activated leukocytes, contributes to oxygenation of hydroxyeicosatetraenoates (HETE) to diHETES (5,15-diHETE and 5,11-diHETE). During neuroinflammation, plays a role in neuronal secretion of specialized preresolving mediators (SPMs) 15R-lipoxin A4 that regulates phagocytic microglia.

Target Subcellular Location

Microsome membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Nucleus inner membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Nucleus outer membrane; Peripheral membrane protein.

Target Protein Families

Prostaglandin G/H synthase family

Target Research Area

Metabolism

Target Synonyms

COX 2; COX-2; COX2; Cyclooxygenase 2; Cyclooxygenase 2b; Cyclooxygenase; Cyclooxygenase-2; Cyclooxygenase2; EC 1.14.99.1; fj02a10; Glucocorticoid-regulated inflammatory cyclooxygenase; Glucocorticoid-regulated inflammatory Prostaglandin G/H synthase ; GRIPGHS; hCox 2; Macrophage activation-associated marker protein P71/73; OTTHUMP00000033524 ; PES-2; PGG/HS ; PGH synthase 2; PGH2_HUMAN; PGHS 2; PGHS-2; PGHS2; PHS 2; PHS II; PHS2; Prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2 (prostaglandin G/H synthase and cyclooxygenase) ; Prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2; Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2; Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 precursor ; Prostaglandin G/H synthase and cyclooxygenase ; Prostaglandin G/H synthase; Prostaglandin H2 synthase 2; prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (prostaglandin G/H synthase and cyclooxygenase) ; Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2; PTGS2; ptgs2a; TIS10; TIS10 protein; unp1239; wu:fj02a10

Target Background

Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), also known as cyclooxygenase, is the key enzyme in prostaglandin biosynthesis, and acts both as a dioxygenase and as a peroxidase. There are two isozymes of PTGS: a constitutive PTGS1 and an inducible PTGS2, which differ in their regulation of expression and tissue distribution. This gene encodes the inducible isozyme. It is regulated by specific stimulatory events, suggesting that it is responsible for the prostanoid biosynthesis involved in inflammation and mitogenesis.