Recombinant Human Interleukin-4 (IL-4)

Uniprot Id

P05112

Target Species

Human

Target Name

IL4

Target Full Name

Interleukin-4

Target Function

Participates in at least several B-cell activation processes as well as of other cell types. It is a costimulator of DNA-synthesis. It induces the expression of class II MHC molecules on resting B-cells. It enhances both secretion and cell surface expression of IgE and IgG1. It also regulates the expression of the low affinity Fc receptor for IgE (CD23) on both lymphocytes and monocytes. Positively regulates IL31RA expression in macrophages. Stimulates autophagy in dendritic cells by interfering with mTORC1 signaling and through the induction of RUFY4.

Target Involvement

Ischemic stroke (ISCHSTR)

Target Subcellular Location

Secreted.

Target Protein Families

IL-4/IL-13 family

Target Research Area

Immunology

Target Synonyms

B cell growth factor 1; B cell IgG differentiation factor; B Cell Stimulatory Factor 1; B-cell stimulatory factor 1; BCGF 1; BCGF1; Binetrakin; BSF-1; BSF1 ; IGG1 induction factor; IL 4; IL-4; IL4; IL4_HUMAN; Il4e12; Interleukin 4; Interleukin 4 variant 2; Interleukin 4; isoform 1 ; Interleukin-4; Lymphocyte stimulatory factor 1; MGC79402; Pitrakinra

Target Background

The protein encoded by this gene is a pleiotropic cytokine produced by activated T cells. This cytokine is a ligand for interleukin 4 receptor. The interleukin 4 receptor also binds to IL13, which may contribute to many overlapping functions of this cytokine and IL13. STAT6, a signal transducer and activator of transcription, has been shown to play a central role in mediating the immune regulatory signal of this cytokine. This gene, IL3, IL5, IL13, and CSF2 form a cytokine gene cluster on chromosome 5q, with this gene particularly close to IL13. This gene, IL13 and IL5 are found to be regulated coordinately by several long-range regulatory elements in an over 120 kilobase range on the chromosome. IL4 is considered an important cytokine for tissue repair, counterbalancing the effects of proinflammatory type 1 cytokines, however, it also promotes allergic airway inflammation. Moreover, IL-4, a type 2 cytokine, mediates and regulates a variety of human host responses such as allergic, anti-parasitic, wound healing, and acute inflammation. This cytokine has been reported to promote resolution of neutrophil-mediated acute lung injury. In an allergic response, IL-4 has an essential role in the production of allergen-specific immunoglobin (Ig) E. This pro-inflammatory cytokine has been observed to be increased in COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) patients, but is not necessarily associated with severe COVID-19 pathology. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene encoding distinct isoforms have been reported.