Recombinant Human Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase SUV39H1 (SUV39H1)

Uniprot Id

O43463

Target Species

Human

Target Name

SUV39H1

Target Full Name

Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase SUV39H1

Target Function

Histone methyltransferase that specifically trimethylates 'Lys-9' of histone H3 using monomethylated H3 'Lys-9' as substrate. Also weakly methylates histone H1 (in vitro). H3 'Lys-9' trimethylation represents a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression by recruiting HP1 (CBX1, CBX3 and/or CBX5) proteins to methylated histones. Mainly functions in heterochromatin regions, thereby playing a central role in the establishment of constitutive heterochromatin at pericentric and telomere regions. H3 'Lys-9' trimethylation is also required to direct DNA methylation at pericentric repeats. SUV39H1 is targeted to histone H3 via its interaction with RB1 and is involved in many processes, such as repression of MYOD1-stimulated differentiation, regulation of the control switch for exiting the cell cycle and entering differentiation, repression by the PML-RARA fusion protein, BMP-induced repression, repression of switch recombination to IgA and regulation of telomere length. Component of the eNoSC (energy-dependent nucleolar silencing) complex, a complex that mediates silencing of rDNA in response to intracellular energy status and acts by recruiting histone-modifying enzymes. The eNoSC complex is able to sense the energy status of cell: upon glucose starvation, elevation of NAD(+)/NADP(+) ratio activates SIRT1, leading to histone H3 deacetylation followed by dimethylation of H3 at 'Lys-9' (H3K9me2) by SUV39H1 and the formation of silent chromatin in the rDNA locus. Recruited by the large PER complex to the E-box elements of the circadian target genes such as PER2 itself or PER1, contributes to the conversion of local chromatin to a heterochromatin-like repressive state through H3 'Lys-9' trimethylation.

Target Subcellular Location

Nucleus. Nucleus lamina. Nucleus, nucleoplasm. Chromosome, centromere. Note=Associates with centromeric constitutive heterochromatin.

Target Protein Families

Class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily, Histone-lysine methyltransferase family, Suvar3-9 subfamily

Target Synonyms

H3 K9 HMTase1; H3-K9-HMTase 1; Histone H3-K9 methyltransferase 1; Histone H3-K9 methyltransferase1; Histone lysine N methyltransferase, H3 lysine 9 specific 1; Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase SUV39H1; KMT1 A; KMT1A; Lysine N methyltransferase 1A; Lysine N-methyltransferase 1A; MG44; mIS6; Position-effect variegation 3-9 homolog; Su(var)3 9 homolog 1; Su(var)3-9 homolog 1; Suppressor of variegation 3 9 homolog 1 (Drosophila); Suppressor of variegation 3-9 homolog 1; SUV39 H1; SUV39H; SUV39H1; SUV91_HUMAN

Target Background

This gene encodes an evolutionarily-conserved protein containing an N-terminal chromodomain and a C-terminal SET domain. The encoded protein is a histone methyltransferase that trimethylates lysine 9 of histone H3, which results in transcriptional gene silencing. Loss of function of this gene disrupts heterochromatin formation and may cause chromosome instability. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.