Rabbit anti-Human CD46 Polyclonal Antibody

Uniprot Id

P15529

Target Species

Human

Target Name

CD46

Target Full Name

Membrane cofactor protein

Target Function

Acts as a cofactor for complement factor I, a serine protease which protects autologous cells against complement-mediated injury by cleaving C3b and C4b deposited on host tissue. May be involved in the fusion of the spermatozoa with the oocyte during fertilization. Also acts as a costimulatory factor for T-cells which induces the differentiation of CD4+ into T-regulatory 1 cells. T-regulatory 1 cells suppress immune responses by secreting interleukin-10, and therefore are thought to prevent autoimmunity.; (Microbial infection) A number of viral and bacterial pathogens seem to bind MCP in order to exploit its immune regulation property and directly induce an immunosuppressive phenotype in T-cells.; (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for Adenovirus subgroup B2 and Ad3.; (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for cultured Measles virus.; (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for Herpesvirus 6/HHV-6.; (Microbial infection) May act as a receptor for pathogenic bacteria Neisseria and Streptococcus pyogenes.

Target Involvement

Hemolytic uremic syndrome atypical 2 (AHUS2)

Target Subcellular Location

Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle, acrosome inner membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Note=Inner acrosomal membrane of spermatozoa. Internalized upon binding of Measles virus, Herpesvirus 6 or Neisseria gonorrhoeae, which results in an increased susceptibility of infected cells to complement-mediated injury. In cancer cells or cells infected by Neisseria, shedding leads to a soluble peptide.

Target Tissue Specificity

Expressed by all cells except erythrocytes.

Target Research Area

Immunology

Target Synonyms

CD46; MCP; MIC10; Membrane cofactor protein; TLX; Trophoblast leukocyte common antigen; CD antigen CD46

Target Background

The protein encoded by this gene is a type I membrane protein and is a regulatory part of the complement system. The encoded protein has cofactor activity for inactivation of complement components C3b and C4b by serum factor I, which protects the host cell from damage by complement. In addition, the encoded protein can act as a receptor for the Edmonston strain of measles virus, human herpesvirus-6, and type IV pili of pathogenic Neisseria. Finally, the protein encoded by this gene may be involved in the fusion of the spermatozoa with the oocyte during fertilization. Mutations at this locus have been associated with susceptibility to hemolytic uremic syndrome. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described.