PTGS1 Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody

Uniprot Id

P23219

Target Species

Human

Target Name

PTGS1

Target Full Name

Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1

Target Function

Dual cyclooxygenase and peroxidase in the biosynthesis pathway of prostanoids, a class of C20 oxylipins mainly derived from arachidonate, with a particular role in the inflammatory response. The cyclooxygenase activity oxygenates arachidonate (AA, C20:4(n-6)) to the hydroperoxy endoperoxide prostaglandin G2 (PGG2), and the peroxidase activity reduces PGG2 to the hydroxy endoperoxide PGH2, the precursor of all 2-series prostaglandins and thromboxanes. This complex transformation is initiated by abstraction of hydrogen at carbon 13 (with S-stereochemistry), followed by insertion of molecular O2 to form the endoperoxide bridge between carbon 9 and 11 that defines prostaglandins. The insertion of a second molecule of O2 (bis-oxygenase activity) yields a hydroperoxy group in PGG2 that is then reduced to PGH2 by two electrons. Involved in the constitutive production of prostanoids in particular in the stomach and platelets. In gastric epithelial cells, it is a key step in the generation of prostaglandins, such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which plays an important role in cytoprotection. In platelets, it is involved in the generation of thromboxane A2 (TXA2), which promotes platelet activation and aggregation, vasoconstriction and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells.

Target Subcellular Location

Microsome membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Peripheral membrane protein.

Target Protein Families

Prostaglandin G/H synthase family

Target Synonyms

COX 1; COX 3; COX-1; COX1; Cox3; Cyclooxygenase 1; Cyclooxygenase 3, included; Cyclooxygenase-1; EC 1.14.99.1; Partial COX1 proteins, included; PCOX1; PGG/HS; PGH synthase 1; PGH1_HUMAN; PGHS 1; PGHS-1; PGHS1; PHS 1; PHS1; Prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 1; Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1; Prostaglandin H2 synthase 1; Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1 (prostaglandin G/H synthase and cyclooxygenase); Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1; PTGHS; PTGS1

Target Background

This is one of two genes encoding similar enzymes that catalyze the conversion of arachidonate to prostaglandin. The encoded protein regulates angiogenesis in endothelial cells, and is inhibited by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin. Based on its ability to function as both a cyclooxygenase and as a peroxidase, the encoded protein has been identified as a moonlighting protein. The protein may promote cell proliferation during tumor progression. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.