Rabbit anti-Human AZIN2 Polyclonal Antibody

Uniprot Id

Q96A70

Target Species

Human

Target Name

AZIN2

Target Full Name

Antizyme inhibitor 2

Target Function

Antizyme inhibitor (AZI) protein that positively regulates ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity and polyamine uptake. AZI is an enzymatically inactive ODC homolog that counteracts the negative effect of ODC antizymes (AZs) OAZ1, OAZ2 and OAZ3 on ODC activity by competing with ODC for antizyme-binding. Inhibits antizyme-dependent ODC degradation and releases ODC monomers from their inactive complex with antizymes, leading to formation of the catalytically active ODC homodimer and restoring polyamine production. Participates in the morphological integrity of the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and functions as a regulator of intracellular secretory vesicle trafficking

Target Subcellular Location

Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Cytoplasm, perinuclear region. Membrane. Cytoplasmic vesicle. Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment. Golgi apparatus, cis-Golgi network. Golgi apparatus, trans-Golgi network. Cytoplasmic granule. Cell projection, axon. Cell projection, dendrite. Perikaryon.

Target Protein Families

Orn/Lys/Arg decarboxylase class-II family, ODC antizyme inhibitor subfamily

Target Tissue Specificity

Expressed in the neocortex, thalamus, hippocampus, cerebellum, medulla oblongata, gray and white matter. Expressed in neurons, oligodendrocytes, basket, Purkinje and pyramidal cells. Expressed in spermatocytes and Leydig cells of the testis. Expressed in

Target Synonyms

ADC; ADC_HUMAN; Antizyme inhibitor 2; ArgDC; Arginine decarboxylase; AZI2; KIAA1945; L-Arginine carboxy lyase; L-Arginine decarboxylase; ODC antizyme inhibitor 2; ODC paralog; ODC-p; ODC-paralogue; ODC1L; ODCp; Ornithine decarboxylase like; Ornithine decarboxylase paralog; Ornithine decarboxylase-like protein

Target Background

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the antizyme inhibitor family, which plays a role in cell growth and proliferation by maintaining polyamine homeostasis within the cell. Antizyme inhibitors are homologs of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC, the key enzyme in polyamine biosynthesis) that have lost the ability to decarboxylase ornithine; however, retain the ability to bind to antizymes. Antizymes negatively regulate intracellular polyamine levels by binding to ODC and targeting it for degradation, as well as by inhibiting polyamine uptake. Antizyme inhibitors function as positive regulators of polyamine levels by sequestering antizymes and neutralizing their effect. This gene encodes antizyme inhibitor 2, the second member of this gene family. Like antizyme inhibitor 1, antizyme inhibitor 2 interacts with all 3 antizymes and stimulates ODC activity and polyamine uptake. However, unlike antizyme inhibitor 1, which is ubiquitously expressed and localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm, antizyme inhibitor 2 is predominantly expressed in the brain and testis and localized in the endoplasmic reticulum-golgi intermediate compartment. Recent studies indicate that antizyme inhibitor 2 is also expressed in specific cell types in ovaries, adrenal glands and pancreas, and in mast cells. The exact function of this gene is not known, however, available data suggest its role in cell growth, spermiogenesis, vesicular trafficking and secretion. Accumulation of antizyme inhibitor 2 has also been observed in brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease. There has been confusion in literature and databases over the nomenclature of this gene, stemming from an earlier report that a human cDNA clone (identical to ODCp/AZIN2) had arginine decarboxylase (ADC) activity (PMID:14738999). Subsequent studies in human and mouse showed that antizyme inhibitor 2 was devoid of arginine decarboxylase activity (PMID:19956990). Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described for this gene.