Rabbit anti-Human Glutamine Synthetase (GLUL) Polyclonal Antibody

Uniprot Id

P15104

Target Species

Human

Target Name

GLUL

Target Full Name

Glutamine synthetase

Target Function

Glutamine synthetase that catalyzes the ATP-dependent conversion of glutamate and ammonia to glutamine. Its role depends on tissue localization: in the brain, it regulates the levels of toxic ammonia and converts neurotoxic glutamate to harmless glutamine, whereas in the liver, it is one of the enzymes responsible for the removal of ammonia. Essential for proliferation of fetal skin fibroblasts. Independently of its glutamine synthetase activity, required for endothelial cell migration during vascular development: acts by regulating membrane localization and activation of the GTPase RHOJ, possibly by promoting RHOJ palmitoylation. May act as a palmitoyltransferase for RHOJ: able to autopalmitoylate and then transfer the palmitoyl group to RHOJ. Plays a role in ribosomal 40S subunit biogenesis.

Target Involvement

Congenital systemic glutamine deficiency (CSGD)

Target Subcellular Location

Cytoplasm, cytosol. Microsome. Mitochondrion. Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor.

Target Protein Families

Glutamine synthetase family

Target Tissue Specificity

Expressed in endothelial cells.

Target Synonyms

cell proliferation-inducing protein 59; Cgl2214; GLNA; GLNA_HUMAN; GLNS; GLUL; Glutamate ammonia ligase; Glutamate decarboxylase; Glutamate--ammonia ligase; glutamine synthase; Glutamine synthetase; glutamine synthetase I; GS; PIG 43; PIG 59; PIG43; PIG59; Proliferation inducing protein 43

Target Background

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the glutamine synthetase family. It catalyzes the synthesis of glutamine from glutamate and ammonia in an ATP-dependent reaction. This protein plays a role in ammonia and glutamate detoxification, acid-base homeostasis, cell signaling, and cell proliferation. Glutamine is an abundant amino acid, and is important to the biosynthesis of several amino acids, pyrimidines, and purines. Mutations in this gene are associated with congenital glutamine deficiency, and overexpression of this gene was observed in some primary liver cancer samples. There are six pseudogenes of this gene found on chromosomes 2, 5, 9, 11, and 12. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.