Recombinant Human 2-5A-dependent ribonuclease (RNASEL)

Uniprot Id

Q05823

Target Species

Human

Target Name

RNASEL

Target Full Name

2-5A-dependent ribonuclease

Target Function

Endoribonuclease that functions in the interferon (IFN) antiviral response. In INF treated and virus infected cells, RNASEL probably mediates its antiviral effects through a combination of direct cleavage of single-stranded viral RNAs, inhibition of protein synthesis through the degradation of rRNA, induction of apoptosis, and induction of other antiviral genes. RNASEL mediated apoptosis is the result of a JNK-dependent stress-response pathway leading to cytochrome c release from mitochondria and caspase-dependent apoptosis. Therefore, activation of RNASEL could lead to elimination of virus infected cells under some circumstances. In the crosstalk between autophagy and apoptosis proposed to induce autophagy as an early stress response to small double-stranded RNA and at later stages of prolonged stress to activate caspase-dependent proteolytic cleavage of BECN1 to terminate autophagy and promote apoptosis. Might play a central role in the regulation of mRNA turnover. Cleaves 3' of UpNp dimers, with preference for UU and UA sequences, to sets of discrete products ranging from between 4 and 22 nucleotides in length.

Target Involvement

Prostate cancer, hereditary, 1 (HPC1)

Target Subcellular Location

Cytoplasm. Mitochondrion.

Target Protein Families

Protein kinase superfamily

Target Tissue Specificity

Highly expressed in spleen and thymus followed by prostate, testis, uterus, small intestine, colon and peripheral blood leukocytes.

Target Research Area

Epigenetics and Nuclear Signaling

Target Synonyms

2 5A dependent ribonuclease; 2 5A dependent RNase; 2' 5' oligoisoadenylate synthetase dependent; 2-5A-dependent ribonuclease; 2-5A-dependent RNase; DKFZp781D08126; Interferon induced 2 5A dependent RNase; MGC104972; MGC133329; PRCA 1; PRCA1; Ribonuclease 4; Ribonuclease L (2' 5' oligoisoadenylate synthetase dependent) ; Ribonuclease L; Ribonuclease4; RibonucleaseL; RN5A_HUMAN; RNase L; Rnasel; RNS 4; RNS4

Target Background

This gene encodes a component of the interferon-regulated 2-5A system that functions in the antiviral and antiproliferative roles of interferons. The protein is involved in innate immunity and is active against multiple RNA viruses, including the influenza and SARS-CoV-2 viruses. Mutations in this gene have been associated with predisposition to prostate cancer and this gene is a candidate for the hereditary prostate cancer 1 (HPC1) allele.