Recombinant Human DNA-directed primase/polymerase protein (PRIMPOL)

Uniprot Id

Q96LW4

Target Species

Human

Target Name

PRIMPOL

Target Full Name

DNA-directed primase/polymerase protein

Target Function

DNA primase and DNA polymerase required to tolerate replication-stalling lesions by bypassing them. Required to facilitate mitochondrial and nuclear replication fork progression by initiating de novo DNA synthesis using dNTPs and acting as an error-prone DNA polymerase able to bypass certain DNA lesions. Shows a high capacity to tolerate DNA damage lesions such as 8oxoG and abasic sites in DNA. Provides different translesion synthesis alternatives when DNA replication is stalled: able to synthesize DNA primers downstream of lesions, such as ultraviolet (UV) lesions, R-loops and G-quadruplexes, to allow DNA replication to continue. Can also realign primers ahead of 'unreadable lesions' such as abasic sites and 6-4 photoproduct (6-4 pyrimidine-pyrimidinone), thereby skipping the lesion. Also able to incorporate nucleotides opposite DNA lesions such as 8oxoG, like a regular translesion synthesis DNA polymerase. Also required for reinitiating stalled forks after UV damage during nuclear DNA replication. Required for mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) synthesis and replication, by reinitiating synthesis after UV damage or in the presence of chain-terminating nucleotides. Prevents APOBEC family-mediated DNA mutagenesis by repriming downstream of abasic site to prohibit error-prone translesion synthesis. Has non-overlapping function with POLH. In addition to its role in DNA damage response, also required to maintain efficient nuclear and mitochondrial DNA replication in unperturbed cells.; Involved in adaptive response to cisplatin, a chemotherapeutic that causes reversal of replication forks, in cancer cells: reinitiates DNA synthesis past DNA lesions in BRCA1-deficient cancer cells treated with cisplatin via its de novo priming activity. Repriming rescues fork degradation while leading to accumulation of internal ssDNA gaps behind the forks. ATR regulates adaptive response to cisplatin.

Target Involvement

Myopia 22, autosomal dominant (MYP22)

Target Subcellular Location

Nucleus. Mitochondrion matrix. Chromosome.

Target Protein Families

Eukaryotic-type primase small subunit family

Target Synonyms

CC111_HUMAN; CCDC111; Coiled coil domain containing 111; Coiled-coil domain-containing protein 111; DNA-directed primase/polymerase protein; MYP22; Primase and polymerase (DNA directed); PRIMPOL