Recombinant Human Metastasis-suppressor KiSS-1 (KISS1)

Uniprot Id

Q15726

Target Species

Human

Target Name

KISS1

Target Full Name

Metastasis-suppressor KiSS-1

Target Function

Metastasis suppressor protein in malignant melanomas and in some breast cancers. May regulate events downstream of cell-matrix adhesion, perhaps involving cytoskeletal reorganization. Generates a C-terminally amidated peptide, metastin which functions as the endogenous ligand of the G-protein coupled receptor GPR54. Activation of the receptor inhibits cell proliferation and cell migration, key characteristics of tumor metastasis. Kp-10 is a decapeptide derived from the primary translation product, isolated in conditioned medium of first trimester trophoblast. Kp-10, but not other kisspeptins, increased intracellular Ca(2+) levels in isolated first trimester trophoblasts. Kp-10 is a paracrine/endocrine regulator in fine-tuning trophoblast invasion generated by the trophoblast itself. The receptor is also essential for normal gonadotropin-released hormone physiology and for puberty. The hypothalamic KiSS1/GPR54 system is a pivotal factor in central regulation of the gonadotropic axis at puberty and in adulthood.

Target Involvement

Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 13 with or without anosmia (HH13)

Target Subcellular Location

Secreted.

Target Protein Families

KISS1 family

Target Tissue Specificity

Very high expression in placenta, with the next highest level in testis and moderate levels in pancreas, liver, small intestine and brain at much lower levels. Expression levels increased in both early placentas and molar pregnancies and are reduced in ch

Target Synonyms

KISS 1; KiSS 1 metastasis suppressor; Kiss1; KISS1_HUMAN; Kisspeptin 1; Kisspeptin 10; Kisspeptin 13; Kisspeptin 14; Kisspeptin; Kisspeptin-1; Kisspeptin-10; Kisspeptin-54; Kisspeptin1; Malignant melanoma metastasis suppressor; Metastasis suppressor KiSS 1; Metastasis suppressor KiSS1; Metastin; MGC39258

Target Background

This gene is a metastasis suppressor gene that suppresses metastases of melanomas and breast carcinomas without affecting tumorigenicity. The encoded protein may inhibit chemotaxis and invasion and thereby attenuate metastasis in malignant melanomas. Studies suggest a putative role in the regulation of events downstream of cell-matrix adhesion, perhaps involving cytoskeletal reorganization. A protein product of this gene, kisspeptin, stimulates gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-induced gonadotropin secretion and regulates the pubertal activation of GnRH neurons. A polymorphism in the terminal exon of this mRNA results in two protein isoforms. An adenosine present at the polymorphic site represents the third position in a stop codon. When the adenosine is absent, a downstream stop codon is utilized and the encoded protein extends for an additional seven amino acid residues.