Recombinant Human NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3), Truncated

Uniprot Id

Q96P20

Target Species

Human

Target Name

NLRP3

Target Full Name

NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3

Target Function

As the sensor component of the NLRP3 inflammasome, plays a crucial role in innate immunity and inflammation. In response to pathogens and other damage-associated signals, initiates the formation of the inflammasome polymeric complex, made of NLRP3, PYCARD and CASP1 (and possibly CASP4 and CASP5). Recruitment of proCASP1 to the inflammasome promotes its activation and CASP1-catalyzed IL1B and IL18 maturation and secretion in the extracellular milieu. Activation of NLRP3 inflammasome is also required for HMGB1 secretion. The active cytokines and HMGB1 stimulate inflammatory responses. Inflammasomes can also induce pyroptosis, an inflammatory form of programmed cell death. Under resting conditions, NLRP3 is autoinhibited. NLRP3 activation stimuli include extracellular ATP, reactive oxygen species, K(+) efflux, crystals of monosodium urate or cholesterol, amyloid-beta fibers, environmental or industrial particles and nanoparticles, cytosolic dsRNA, etc. However, it is unclear what constitutes the direct NLRP3 activator. Activation in presence of cytosolic dsRNA is mediated by DHX33. Independently of inflammasome activation, regulates the differentiation of T helper 2 (Th2) cells and has a role in Th2 cell-dependent asthma and tumor growth. During Th2 differentiation, required for optimal IRF4 binding to IL4 promoter and for IRF4-dependent IL4 transcription. Binds to the consensus DNA sequence 5'-GRRGGNRGAG-3'. May also participate in the transcription of IL5, IL13, GATA3, CCR3, CCR4 and MAF.

Target Involvement

Familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome 1 (FCAS1); Muckle-Wells syndrome (MWS); Chronic infantile neurologic cutaneous and articular syndrome (CINCA)

Target Subcellular Location

Cytoplasm, cytosol. Inflammasome. Endoplasmic reticulum. Secreted. Nucleus.; Golgi apparatus membrane.

Target Protein Families

NLRP family

Target Tissue Specificity

Predominantly expressed in macrophages. Also expressed in dendritic cells, B- and T-cells (at protein level). Expressed in LPS-treated granulocytes, but not in resting cells (at protein level). Expression in monocytes is very weak (at protein level). Expr

Target Research Area

Cancer

Target Synonyms

AGTAVPRL; AII/AVP; Angiotensin/vasopressin receptor AII/AVP like ; Angiotensin/vasopressin receptor AII/AVP-like; C1orf7; Caterpiller protein 1.1; CIAS 1; CIAS1; CLR1.1; Cold autoinflammatory syndrome 1; Cold autoinflammatory syndrome 1 protein; Cryopyrin; Familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome; FCAS; FCU; LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3; Muckle-Wells syndrome; MWS; NACHT; NACHT LRR and PYD containing protein 3; NALP 3; NALP3; NALP3_HUMAN; NLR family pyrin domain containing 3; NLRP3; PYPAF 1; PYPAF1; PYRIN containing APAF1 like protein 1; PYRIN-containing APAF1-like protein 1

Target Background

This gene encodes a pyrin-like protein containing a pyrin domain, a nucleotide-binding site (NBS) domain, and a leucine-rich repeat (LRR) motif. This protein interacts with the apoptosis-associated speck-like protein PYCARD/ASC, which contains a caspase recruitment domain, and is a member of the NALP3 inflammasome complex. This complex functions as an upstream activator of NF-kappaB signaling, and it plays a role in the regulation of inflammation, the immune response, and apoptosis. Mutations in this gene are associated with familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome (FCAS), Muckle-Wells syndrome (MWS), chronic infantile neurological cutaneous and articular (CINCA) syndrome, and neonatal-onset multisystem inflammatory disease (NOMID). Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene. Alternative 5' UTR structures are suggested by available data; however, insufficient evidence is available to determine if all of the represented 5' UTR splice patterns are biologically valid.