Recombinant Human Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-alpha catalytic subunit (PPP1CA)

Uniprot Id

P62136

Target Species

Human

Target Name

PPP1CA

Target Full Name

Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-alpha catalytic subunit

Target Function

Protein phosphatase that associates with over 200 regulatory proteins to form highly specific holoenzymes which dephosphorylate hundreds of biological targets. Protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) is essential for cell division, and participates in the regulation of glycogen metabolism, muscle contractility and protein synthesis. Involved in regulation of ionic conductances and long-term synaptic plasticity. May play an important role in dephosphorylating substrates such as the postsynaptic density-associated Ca(2+)/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II. Component of the PTW/PP1 phosphatase complex, which plays a role in the control of chromatin structure and cell cycle progression during the transition from mitosis into interphase. Regulates NEK2 function in terms of kinase activity and centrosome number and splitting, both in the presence and absence of radiation-induced DNA damage. Regulator of neural tube and optic fissure closure, and enteric neural crest cell (ENCCs) migration during development. In balance with CSNK1D and CSNK1E, determines the circadian period length, through the regulation of the speed and rhythmicity of PER1 and PER2 phosphorylation. May dephosphorylate CSNK1D and CSNK1E. Dephosphorylates the 'Ser-418' residue of FOXP3 in regulatory T-cells (Treg) from patients with rheumatoid arthritis, thereby inactivating FOXP3 and rendering Treg cells functionally defective. Dephosphorylates CENPA. Dephosphorylates the 'Ser-139' residue of ATG16L1 causing dissociation of ATG12-ATG5-ATG16L1 complex, thereby inhibiting autophagy.; (Microbial infection) Necessary for alphaviruses replication.

Target Subcellular Location

Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Nucleus, nucleoplasm. Nucleus, nucleolus.

Target Protein Families

PPP phosphatase family, PP-1 subfamily

Target Synonyms

Alpha isoform serine threonine protein phosphatase PP1alpha 1 catalytic subunit; Catalytic subunit; EC 3.1.3.16; MGC15877; MGC1674; PP 1A; PP-1A; PP1A; PP1A_HUMAN; PP1alpha; PP2C ALPHA ; PP2CA; Ppp1ca; Protein Phosphatase 2C Alpha Isoform ; Serine threonine protein phosphatase PP1 alpha catalytic subunit; Serine threonine protein phosphatase PP1 alpha catalytic subunit protein phosphatase 1; Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-alpha catalytic subunit

Target Background

The protein encoded by this gene is one of the three catalytic subunits of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1). This broadly expressed gene encodes the alpha subunit of the PP1 complex that associates with over 200 regulatory proteins to form holoenzymes which dephosphorylate their biological targets with high specificity. PP1 is a serine/threonine specific protein phosphatase known to be involved in the regulation of a variety of cellular processes, such as cell division, glycogen metabolism, muscle contractility, protein synthesis, and HIV-1 viral transcription. Increased PP1 activity has been observed in the end stage of heart failure. Studies suggest that PP1 is an important regulator of cardiac function and that PP1 deregulation is implicated in diabetes and multiple types of cancer. Three alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.