Recombinant Human Ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG3 (ATG3)

Uniprot Id

Q9NT62

Target Species

Human

Target Name

ATG3

Target Full Name

Ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG3

Target Function

E2 conjugating enzyme required for the cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt), autophagy, and mitochondrial homeostasis. Responsible for the E2-like covalent binding of phosphatidylethanolamine to the C-terminal Gly of ATG8-like proteins (GABARAP, GABARAPL1, GABARAPL2 or MAP1LC3A). The ATG12-ATG5 conjugate plays a role of an E3 and promotes the transfer of ATG8-like proteins from ATG3 to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). This step is required for the membrane association of ATG8-like proteins. The formation of the ATG8-phosphatidylethanolamine conjugates is essential for autophagy and for the cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt). Preferred substrate is MAP1LC3A. Also acts as an autocatalytic E2-like enzyme, catalyzing the conjugation of ATG12 to itself, ATG12 conjugation to ATG3 playing a role in mitochondrial homeostasis but not in autophagy. ATG7 (E1-like enzyme) facilitates this reaction by forming an E1-E2 complex with ATG3. Promotes primary ciliogenesis by removing OFD1 from centriolar satellites via the autophagic pathway.

Target Subcellular Location

Cytoplasm.

Target Protein Families

ATG3 family

Target Tissue Specificity

Widely expressed, with a highest expression in heart, skeletal muscle, kidney, liver and placenta.

Target Research Area

Apoptosis

Target Synonyms

2610016C12Rik; Apg 3; APG3; APG3 autophagy 3 like; APG3 like; APG3, S. cerevisiae, homolog of; APG3-like; APG3L; Apg3p; ATG 3; ATG3; ATG3 autophagy related 3 homolog; ATG3 autophagy related 3 homolog (S. cerevisiae); ATG3_HUMAN; Autophagy 3, S. cerevisiae, homolog of; Autophagy Apg3p/Aut1p like; autophagy related 3; Autophagy related protein 3; Autophagy-related protein 3; DKFZp564M1178; FLJ22125; hApg3; MGC15201; OTTHUMP00000214547; OTTHUMP00000214548; PC3 96; Protein PC3-96; Ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG3

Target Background

This gene encodes a ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme and is a component of ubiquitination-like systems involved in autophagy, the process of degradation, turnover and recycling of cytoplasmic constituents in eukaryotic cells. This protein is known to play a role in regulation of autophagy during cell death. A pseudogene of this gene is located on chromosome 20. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.